A set of measures has been developed for the remediation of oil-contaminated soils, taking into account possible environmental risks using immobilized actinobacteria of the genus Rhodococcus and a biological product of a new composition based on surfactant complexes of rhodococci. The possibilities of decomposition of commercial mixtures of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) by aerobic bacterial strains in model soil experiments have been studied.